Q. What is the Factories Act, 1948?
Ans. The Factories Act, 1948 is an Indian law that regulates the working conditions in factories, including health, safety, welfare, and other aspects of factory work.
Q. What is the objective of the Factories Act, 1948?
Ans. The primary objective of the Factories Act, 1948 is to ensure the health, safety, and welfare of workers employed in factories. In addition to that, the act also makes sure that employers are protected in all aspects of regulation when they are running a factory with workers.
Q. What are the display requirements under the Factories Act, 1948?
Ans. The Factories Act, 1948 requires factories to display notices regarding the name and address of the factory, the name and age of workers, the hours of work, and the date of the last inspection, abstract of the act etc. at a conspicuous place in English and vernacular language. The displays must be visible to the workers in the factory.
Q. What are the returns and registers that a factory needs to maintain under the Factories Act, 1948?
Ans. A factory needs to maintain registers such as the register of adult workers, the register of child workers, the register of accidents and dangerous occurrences, and the register of leave with wages. A factory is also required for file half-yearly and annual returns.
Q. What is the penalty for contravening the provisions of the Factories Act, 1948?
Ans. The penalty for contravening the provisions of the Factories Act, 1948 is imprisonment for up to two years or a fine of up to Rs. 2,00,000 or both.
Q. What are the important sections of the Factories Act, 1948?
Ans. Some important sections of the Factories Act, 1948 are section 6 (registration of factories), section 11 (cleanliness), section 13 (ventilation and temperature), and section 22 (precautions against fire).
Q. What is the definition of a “factory” under the Factories Act, 1948?
Ans. A “factory” under the Factories Act, 1948 is any premises where ten or more workers are working, or were working on any day of the preceding twelve months, and in which a manufacturing process is carried on.
Q. What is the maximum working hours for adults under the Factories Act, 1948?
Ans. The maximum working hours for adults under the Factories Act, 1948 is 48 hours per week, with a maximum of nine hours per day.
Q. What is the requirement for welfare facilities under the Factories Act, 1948?
Ans. The Factories Act, 1948 requires factories to provide welfare facilities such as canteens, restrooms, drinking water, and first aid facilities for workers.
Q. What is the requirement for safety measures under the Factories Act, 1948?
Ans. The Factories Act, 1948 requires factories to provide safety measures such as fencing of machinery, safety guards, and protective equipment for workers.
Q. What is the provision for annual leave with wages under the Factories Act, 1948?
Ans. The Factories Act, 1948 provides for annual leave with wages of at least one day for every twenty days of work.
Q. What is the requirement for the employment of young persons under the Factories Act, 1948?
Ans. The Factories Act, 1948 prohibits the employment of young persons below the age of eighteen in hazardous occupations.
Q. What is the requirement for hazardous processes under the Factories Act, 1948?
Ans. The Factories Act, 1948 requires factories engaged in hazardous processes to obtain a license from the government.